Apparatus and method for cooling a containerized fluid

ABSTRACT

An apparatus for cooling a containerized fluid apparatus has a refrigerant-delivery assembly axially depending from a handle assembly. The handle assembly forms a receptacle for receiving a canister of refrigerant such as pressurized liquid carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). The refrigerant-delivery assembly comprises a supply tube through which refrigerant is fed from the canister in the handle assembly to a refrigerant-containment compartment enclosing an exit port of the supply tube and entry ports of one or more expansion tubes. The refrigerant-containment compartment places the supply tube in fluid-flow communication with the expansion tubes. The expansion tubes are rotatable about the axis of the supply tube. The expansion tubes are made to rotate by either a nozzle-turbine feature or a motor-and-gear subassembly. As refrigerant expands in the expansion tubes it takes on heat in accordance with thermodynamic properties thereby cooling the containerized fluid.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority from U.S. provisional patentapplication No. 61/866562, filed Aug. 16, 2013, the entirety of which ishereby incorporated by reference.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

Not applicable.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to a portable refrigeration apparatus and method,and more particularly, the invention relates to a portable apparatus andmethod for quickly cooling the fluid contents of a container.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is often desirable to quickly cool a container of liquid for humanconsumption. Typical containers include a can, bottle, glass, jug, kegor the like that holds a beverage. It may be particularly desirable tobe able to cool such containerized liquid rapidly and individually forconvenience. Further, it may be desirable to cool such containerizedliquid when cooling by means of ice or insertion of the container into astandard refrigeration unit is not readily available or practical. Thusit would be useful to have a portable apparatus for cooling anindividual container of liquid.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention is an apparatus and method for cooling the fluid contentsof a container. The apparatus of the invention is capable of beinghand-held and is immersible in a container of fluid to be cooled. Theapparatus comprises a refrigerant-delivery assembly axially dependingfrom a handle assembly. The handle assembly forms a receptacle forreceiving a canister of refrigerant such as pressurized liquid carbondioxide (CO₂). The refrigerant-delivery assembly comprises a supply tubethrough which refrigerant is fed from the canister in the handleassembly to a refrigerant-containment compartment enclosing an exit portof the supply tube and entry ports of one or more expansion tubes. Therefrigerant-containment compartment places the supply tube in fluid-flowcommunication with the expansion tubes. The expansion tubes arerotatable about the axis of the supply tube. As refrigerant underpressure reaches the expansion tubes it expands and takes on heat inaccordance with thermodynamic properties thereby cooling thecontainerized fluid. Rotation of the expansion tubes enhances heattransfer (cooling). The expansion tubes are made to rotate by either anozzle-turbine feature formed by the exit port of the supply tube andthe inlet ports of the expansion tubes, or a motor-and-gear subassembly.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of an apparatus forcooling a containerized fluid in accordance with the teachings of theinvention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a distal end of therefrigerant-delivery assembly of the apparatus of FIG. 1 taken alongline 2-2 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a second embodiment of anapparatus for cooling a containerized fluid in accordance with theteachings of the invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a distal end of therefrigerant-delivery assembly of the apparatus of FIG. 3 taken alongline 4-4 of FIG. 3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments of the present invention are described herein. The disclosedembodiments are merely exemplary of the invention that may be embodiedin various and alternative forms, and combinations thereof. As usedherein, the word “exemplary” is used expansively to refer to embodimentsthat serve as illustrations, specimens, models, or patterns. The figuresare not necessarily to scale and some features may be exaggerated orminimized to show details of particular components. In other instances,well-known components, systems, materials, or methods have not beendescribed in detail in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.Therefore, at least some specific structural and functional detailsdisclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as abasis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching oneskilled in the art to variously employ the present invention.

As an overview, the invention teaches an apparatus and method forcooling a containerized fluid. In an aspect of the invention, the fluidis a liquid beverage for individualized human consumption; however, theteachings of the invention are also applicable to liquids other thanbeverages and to fluids other than liquids. The apparatus of theinvention delivers an expandable refrigerant such as pressurized CO₂ toan arrangement of at least one immersible tube through which heattransfer with the fluid to be cooled is achieved.

Referring first to FIG. 1, therein is schematically illustrated anembodiment of an apparatus 10 for cooling a containerized fluid in whicha refrigerant-delivery assembly 20 depends axially from a handleassembly 12. The handle assembly 12 has grasping elements 14, 16 forholding the apparatus 10 and immersing the lower portion into acontainer of fluid to be cooled. A contoured outer region 15 of agrasping element 14 facilitates grasping by an individual using theapparatus 10. The grasping elements form a space in the form of a slot,which may also be considered a receptacle, 18 for receiving andretaining a canister 11 of refrigerant. For example, a canister of CO₂under pressure is taught by the invention as suitable. A pressurizedcanister of liquid carbon dioxide (CO₂) is often referred to as acartridge.

A refrigerant-delivery assembly 20 is attached to and extends axiallyfrom the handle assembly 12. A substantially elongated refrigerantsupply tube 22 is centrally disposed in the refrigerant-deliveryassembly 20 thereby serving as an axis. At least one substantiallyelongated expansion tube 30 is disposed in substantially parallelalignment with the supply tube 22. The expansion tubes 30 are rotatableabout the axis of the supply tube 22. One end of each expansion tube 30is an inlet port 32 that is disposed in close proximity to the exit port26 of the centrally-disposed supply tube 22. Refrigerant exits thesupply tube 22 and enters the expansion tubes 30 in arefrigerant-containment compartment 28. The refrigerant-containmentcompartment 28 is formed by an end-cap 27 that seals the distal end ofthe refrigerant-delivery assembly 20. Referring momentarily to FIG. 2,the arrangement of exit port 26 of the supply tube 22 and the inletports 32 of the expansion tubes 30 is more easily seen. Referring nowalso to FIG. 1, the exit port 26 of the supply tube 22 is tapered andcurved so as to be angularly directed toward the inlet ports 32 of theexpansion tubes. This arrangement within the refrigerant-containmentcompartment 28 provides a mechanism for causing the set of expansiontubes 30 to rotate about the axis of the supply tube 22.

In operation of the apparatus, once the canister is puncturedrefrigerant under pressure escapes from the canister 11 and travelsthrough the supply tube 22 into the refrigerant-containment compartment28. The refrigerant seeks the path of least resistance, that is, lowerpressure, and thus enters the expansion tubes through the inlet ports32. The refrigerant attains maximum expansion in the expansion tubes 30and thus takes on heat in accordance with thermodynamic principlesthereby cooling the medium (fluid/liquid) adjacent the expansion tubes30. The tapered, curved exit port 26 of the supply tube forms a nozzlefrom which refrigerant under pressure impinges the inlet ports 32 of theexpansion tubes 30 thereby creating a turbine mechanism that rotates theexpansion tubes 30 about the axis of the supply tube 22.

Each expansion tube 30 has a second end terminating in an exhaust port34. A solid-CO₂ collector 36 is disposed proximate the exhaust port 34to substantially inhibit the release of solid CO₂ precipitate throughthe exhaust port 34. The collector 36 is also a gaseous filter thatallows air in the apparatus to vent from the exhaust port 34 when CO₂ isfirst projected through the supply tube 22 and expansion tubes 30. Thecollector/filter 36 comprises material which is substantiallygas-permeable, such as a gas-permeable membrane.

The canister/cartridge 11 is typically sealed in a closed condition. Thegaseous contents of the canister 11 can be released by puncturing an endof the canister 11. The tapered entry port 24 of the supply tube 22 isdisposed for puncturing the end of the canister 11 and thereby releasingits contents into the supply tube 22. A screw mechanism disposed withrespect to the handle assembly 10 helps form a puncture structure inwhich a screw is turned to advance the CO₂ canister 11 against theneedled entry port 24 of the supply tube 22 until the end of thecanister 11 is punctured. A knobbed screw element 80 forms a part of themechanism for urging the canister 11 into contact with the entry port 24of the supply tube. When the screw 80 is turned it advances axially inthe handle assembly 12 urging the canister 11 onto the tapered,needle-like, entry port 24 of the supply tube. Once the canister 11 ispunctured, refrigerant is permitted to escape the canister and flow butfor the valve 23 in the supply tube 22. The valve 23 is selectively madeto open and close through an actuator 90 formed by a plunger structurethat has a trigger 92 that is disposed for engagement by a finger orthumb (digit) of a user.

After the cartridge is punctured, the release of CO₂ is initiated whenthe valve mechanism 13 is opened through engagement of the trigger 92.When CO₂ flows, the expansion tubes 30 are placed in rotational motionabout the longitudinal axis of the supply tube 22 by the turbinemechanism. CO₂ travels through each expansion tube 30 where it expandstaking on heat energy. In use, the apparatus 20 is placed in a containerof fluid such as a liquid beverage whereby the lengths of the expansiontubes 30 are substantially immersed in the fluid to be cooled. Thetrigger 92 is engaged to release CO₂. The release of CO₂ causes rotationof the expansion tubes 30 and causes the expansion tubes 30 to fill withCO₂ thereby facilitating transfer of heat energy from the liquid inwhich the apparatus 20 is partially submersed. The containerized fluidis thereby cooled.

Referring now to FIG. 2, therein is schematically illustrated amotorized apparatus 110 comprising many of the same elements as thenon-motorized apparatus 10 of FIG. 1. A refrigerant-delivery assembly 40depends axially from a handle assembly 112. The handle assembly 112 hasgrasping elements 14, 16 for holding the apparatus 110 and immersing thelower portion into a container of fluid to be cooled. A contoured outerregion 15 of a grasping element 14 facilitates grasping by an individualusing the apparatus 110. The grasping elements form a space in the formof a slot, which may also be considered a receptacle, 18 for receivingand retaining a canister 11 of refrigerant. For example, a canister ofCO₂ under pressure is taught by the invention as suitable. A pressurizedcanister of liquid carbon dioxide (CO₂) is often referred to as acartridge.

A refrigerant-delivery assembly 40 is attached to and extends axiallyfrom the handle assembly 112. A substantially elongated refrigerantsupply tube 42 is centrally disposed in the refrigerant-deliveryassembly 40 thereby serving as an axis. At least one substantiallyelongated expansion tube 50 is disposed in substantially parallelalignment with the supply tube 42. The expansion tubes 50 are rotatableabout the axis of the supply tube 42. One end of each expansion tube 50is an inlet port 52 that is disposed in close proximity to the exit port46 of the centrally-disposed supply tube 42. Refrigerant exits thesupply tube 42 and enters the expansion tubes 50 in arefrigerant-containment compartment 48. The refrigerant-containmentcompartment 28 is formed by an end-cap 47 that seals the distal end ofthe refrigerant-delivery assembly 40. Referring momentarily to FIG. 4,the arrangement of exit port 46 of the supply tube 42 and the inletports 52 of the expansion tubes 50 is more easily seen.

In operation of the apparatus, once the canister is puncturedrefrigerant under pressure escapes from the canister 11 and travelsthrough the supply tube 42 into the refrigerant-containment compartment48. The refrigerant seeks the path of least resistance, that is, lowerpressure, and thus enters the expansion tubes through the inlet ports52. The refrigerant attains maximum expansion in the expansion tubes 50and thus takes on heat in accordance with thermodynamic principlesthereby cooling the medium (fluid/liquid) adjacent the expansion tubes50.

The canister/cartridge 11 is typically sealed in a closed condition. Thegaseous contents of the canister 11 can be released by puncturing an endof the canister 11. The tapered entry port 44 of the supply tube 42 isdisposed for puncturing the end of the canister 11 and thereby releasingits contents into the supply tube 42. A screw mechanism disposed withrespect to the handle assembly 110 helps form a puncture structure inwhich a screw element 80 is turned to advance the CO₂ canister 11against the needled entry port 44 of the supply tube 42 until the end ofthe canister 11 is punctured. A knobbed screw element 80 forms a part ofa mechanism for urging the canister 11 into contact with the entry port44 of the supply tube. When the screw 80 is turned it advances axiallyin the handle assembly 112 urging the canister 11 onto the tapered,needle-like, entry port 44 of the supply tube 42. Once the canister 11is punctured, refrigerant is permitted to escape the canister and flowbut for the valve 43 in the supply tube 42. The valve 43 is selectivelymade to open and close through an actuator 90 formed by a plungerstructure that has a trigger 92 that is disposed for engagement by afinger or thumb (digit) of a user.

When the CO₂ canister/cartridge is punctured, pressurized CO₂ is able tobe released to enter the entry port 44 at the end of the needle and toexit the supply tube 42 through the exit port 46. After the cartridge 11is punctured, the release of CO₂ is initiated when the valve 43 isopened through engagement of the trigger 92. In the embodiment of FIG.2, the trigger 92 not only opens the valve 43 but also closes the switch68 that energizes a motor 60 which in turn drives a gear arrangement ofa gear box 62 and drive gears 64 that rotates the expansion tubes 50about the supply tube 42. When CO₂ flows, CO₂ travels through eachexpansion tube 50 where upon expansion it takes on heat energy.

In operation and use of the apparatus, the rotation of the expansiontubes 30, 50 creates a stirring, or swirling effect, that enhances heattransference (that is, cooling) between the fluid in which the lower endof the apparatus 10, 110 is immersed and the expansion tubes 30, 50. Inthe embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 herein, six (6) expansiontubes 30, 50 are employed. However, as few as a single expansion tube30, 50 can be used but greater heat transference (that is, cooling) isachieved by the use of multiple tubes.

Method of Use

In initial use of the apparatus 10, 110 the CO₂ in the cartridge is in aliquid phase under high pressure. When the valve 13 is opened, CO₂ ispermitted to flow into and through the supply tube 22, 42, therefrigerant containment compartment 28, 48 and the expansion tubes 30,50. As CO₂ fills the refrigerant containment compartment 28, 48, liquidCO₂ that has not already vaporized is vaporized and resulting gaseousCO₂ flows from the compartment 28, 48 and into and through the expansiontubes 30, 50 to the vent at the exhaust ports 34, 54. Because theflowing CO₂ is no longer under the high pressure of the sealed cartridge11 it converts from the liquid phase to a gaseous phase. Because of thechemical characteristics of CO₂, upon expansion from liquid to gaseousphase the temperature of the CO₂ decreases causing it to act as arefrigerant.

Heat transfer occurs primarily through the walls of the expansion tubes30, 50 between the fluid in a container in which the apparatus 20, 40 ispartially submersed and the cooler CO₂ gas thereby cooling thecontainerized fluid. The rapid release of pressure causes some solid CO₂particles to crystalize. These crystalized particles are in the form offlakes. Any air that is initially contained in the supply tube 22, 42,containment compartment 28, 48 and expansion tubes 30, 50 is ventedthrough the exhaust ports 34, 54 of the expansion tubes 30, 50 and thecollector/filter 36, 56. When solid CO₂ crystals accumulate in thecollector 36, 56 the exhaust ports 34, 54 effectively become closed off.The closed system then has cool CO₂ gas serving as a heat sink for fluidin which the apparatus is partially submersed. Rotation of the expansiontubes 30, 50 through either the turbine effect of the embodiment of FIG.1 or the motor 60 of the embodiment of FIG. 2 provides a swirling effectthat enhances heat transfer (that is, cooling of the containerizedfluid).

Many variations and modifications may be made to the above-describedembodiments without departing from the scope of the claims. For example,although six (6) expansion tubes 30, 50 are shown in the embodimentillustrated and discussed above, the teachings of the inventionencompass fewer or more than six (6) expansion tubes. As anotherexample, of the expansive teachings of the invention, other suitabletypes of refrigerant include those types of refrigerants that are notharmful when released in the atmosphere or if consumed by humans, and,further, which may be provided in a pressurized canister. All suchmodifications, combinations, and variations are included herein by thescope of this disclosure and the following claims.

1. An apparatus for cooling a containerized fluid comprising: a handleassembly and a refrigerant-delivery assembly depending axially from saidhandle assembly; said handle assembly comprising grasping elementsadapted for being grasped by a hand of an individual and a receptacleadapted for receiving and retaining a canister of refrigerant; saidrefrigerant-delivery assembly comprising a supply tube extending axiallyfrom said handle assembly having a first end terminating in an entryport juxtaposed with respect to said handle assembly adapted forreceiving refrigerant from said canister of refrigerant and a second endterminating in an exit port; a valve disposed within said supply tubeproximate said entry port thereof for regulating flow through saidsupply tube; at least one expansion tube substantially parallel to anaxis of said supply tube, rotatable about said axis of said supply tube,having a first end proximate said exit port of said supply tubeterminating in an inlet port and a second end distal said first endterminating in an exhaust port; a refrigerant-containment compartmentenclosing said exit port of said supply tube and said inlet ports ofsaid expansion tubes in fluid-flow communication with one another; and arotation mechanism adapted for causing said at least one expansion tubeto rotate about said axis of said supply tube.
 2. The apparatus of claim1, wherein said rotation mechanism comprises said exit port terminatingin a curved end angularly directed toward said inlet ports of saidexpansion tubes.
 3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising anactuator adapted for selectively opening and closing said valvecomprising a plunger mechanism adapted for being engaged by a digit ofan individual so as to place said valve in an open condition when saidplunger is engaged.
 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said rotationmechanism comprises a motor.
 5. The apparatus of claim 4, furthercomprising a switch for selectively energizing said motor.
 6. Theapparatus of claim 5, further comprising an actuator adapted forselectively opening and closing said valve comprising a plungermechanism adapted for being engaged by a digit of an individual so as toplace said valve in an open condition and to activate said switch whensaid plunger is engaged.
 7. The apparatus of claim 1, saidrefrigerant-supply assembly further comprising a gas-permeable filterdisposed adjacent each said exhaust port of said at least one supplytube adapted for capturing ice particles forming at said exhaust ports.8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said entry port of said supply tubeterminates in a taper opening adapted for puncturing a canister ofrefrigerant.
 9. The apparatus of claim 8, further comprising anadvancement mechanism for selectively urging a canister of refrigerantupon said tapered opening of said entry port of said supply tube.